Timber in the form of sawn timber and unprocessed round timber is not the largest, but quite tangible part of Ukrainian exports. At the end of 2019, the export of processed wood amounted to 437.8 million dollars, i.e. 8.7% of the total amount of exported goods.Detailed information on the specifics of lumber transshipment in seaports. Differences in storage and stuffing methods.
Along with road and rail deliveries of timber products to the EU countries and in particular Poland, traders and owners of logging companies are interested in maritime logistics. Taking into account the increase in foreign trade with the countries of the East and the Mediterranean, the transshipment of sawn timber in the port in Ukraine will play an increasingly significant role in development.
Now the main consumers of products of Ukrainian logging industries from far abroad are China, Egypt and India. After Poland, Italy is the 2nd importer in Europe in terms of purchases of Ukrainian wood semi-finished products. It is followed by the Czech Republic.
What are the specifics of transshipment of sawn timber in seaports
Storage in intermediate warehouses and during transportation should ensure protection of lumber from:
- biocorrosion and insect damage;
- unwanted changes in temperature and humidity;
- absorption (absorption) of toxic substances;
- damage from high temperatures, synthetic oils and other aggressive substances.
Differences in storage and stuffing methods
Along with stacking in commercial shipping, the practice of placing a load of measured sawn timber in containers. Container transportation is used for the most organized calibration and better preservation of such linear products as deck board, lining, timber and beam. Average annual volumes of sawn timber transshipment from Ukraine to China are from 4 to 22 40-foot containers per month.The method of storing processed linear wood products in containers is usually used for hardwood species such as ash, oak, beech. These types of wood are quite expensive, so storage in holds and under protective awnings is undesirable. It can reduce their marketability. Insulated containers provide optimal storage conditions for wooden semi-finished products in conditions of long-term transportation, which can last up to a month or more.
Warehousing in the form of stacks, strapped with straps and covered with waterproof tarpaulins, suitable for softwood lumber. Products made from pine, fir, cedar and spruce are less susceptible to damage by fungi and mold at high humidity due to the high content of essential oils.
Fumigation is an obligatory stage in preparing cargo for transshipment
The main difference between loading processed timber compared to handling other building materials at the port is fumigation before shipment. Fungicide and insecticide handling of lumber cargo is usually the responsibility of the stevedoring company and the port forwarder responsible for the shipment.
Because in the construction of stacks, in-line spacers are used between the individual parts of the cargo, each stack of wood-based panels, boards or beams is processed from all sides. Particular attention is paid to the end faces. End cracks increase the risk of deep blue and mold damage to the wood the most.
For deep penetration of fungiIdeal solution into the body of semi-finished products, they are dipped in antiseptic baths and kept for about a minute. So it is customary to protect products with a massive cross-section (from 150 x150 mm to 500x500 mm). For planks, lining and low boards, the fungicidal composition is usually applied by spraying. After antiseptic treatment, bags are usually ventilated for at least 2 days.
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